ThinkEase Review - Real World Testing And Results

ThinkEase review testing

March 27, 2025

ThinkEase is a nootropic supplement designed to improve cognitive performance, focus, memory and overall brain health. In this ThinkEase review, we’ll try it firsthand and break down exactly what’s inside each capsule. We’ll see whether the brand’s ingredients — like Bacopa monnieri, L‑theanine and Acetyle L-Carnitine match doses shown to work in peer‑reviewed studies (1,2). We’ll examine each blend (Focus, Memory, Clarity, Learning, Productivity, and Brain Health) and compare ingredient amounts to published research. By combining hands‑on testing with an objective look at scientific evidence, our goal is to give you a clear, honest assessment of whether ThinkEase delivers on its promise to enhance mental performance, memory and cognitive health.

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Thinkease reviews

Overall Verdict

4.9 / 5 Stars

  • Increases Cognitive Performance: ThinkEase uses clinically backed ingredients that support sharper thinking and improved mental agility, making everyday tasks more efficient and enjoyable.
  • Sustained Focus: The formula promotes long-lasting concentration, reducing distractions and helping you maintain a clear, focused mindset throughout your work or study sessions.
  • Memory Booster: With ingredients like Bacopa Monnieri and Citicoline, ThinkEase aids in memory recall and retention, supporting both short‑term memory and long‑term learning.
  • Transparent, Science‑Backed Formula: Each ingredient is clearly labeled and provided at doses supported by research, ensuring you know exactly what you’re taking for optimal brain performance.
  • Synergistic Effects: The combination of adaptogens, vitamins, and neuroprotective compounds works together to enhance overall cognitive function and mental clarity.
  • Ideal for Professionals, Older Adults and Students: Whether you need sharper focus for work or enhanced learning capabilities, ThinkEase offers a reliable, comprehensive approach to boosting cognitive performance.
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Introduction To ThinkEase

ThinkEase is a top‑selling nootropic supplement that claims to help you think more clearly, stay focused, and remember information better. The brand positions itself as a high dose everyday brain booster backed by scientific research and designed for anyone looking to improve mental performance and brain health —from busy professionals to students and older adults (3). ThinkEase promises to “feel laser‑sharp and focused,” “eliminate brain fog,” “boost memory recall,” and “learn and think faster.”

ThinkEase highlights its use of clinically studied ingredients at doses shown to support cognition. The brand's marketing also emphasizes the use of standardized extracts, clear labeling of each ingredient’s amount, and a multi‑phase approach to target different aspects of brain function. The company also points to industry reports ranking it among the fastest‑growing nootropic supplements worldwide (4,5).

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Benefits of ThinkEase

Manufacturer's Claimed Benefits

  • "Feel Laser-Sharp and Focused"
  • "Eliminate Brain Fog and Think Clearly"
  • "Boost Memory Recall"
  • "Learn and Think Faster"

Scientific Assessment of ThinkEase’s Claims

1. Feel Laser‑Sharp and Focused - Valid
ThinkEase’s focus blend (275mg N‑acetyl L‑tyrosine, 200 mg L‑theanine, 200 mg Rhodiola extract) aims to enhance alertness and sustained attention. Clinical research indicates that N‑acetyl L‑tyrosine at 200-300mg can improve cognitive performance under stress by replenishing dopamine precursors (6). L‑theanine at 200 mg has been shown to increase alpha brainwave activity and improve attention without stimulating effects seen in caffeine (7). Rhodiola rosea, standardized to 1% rosavins at 200 mg, demonstrated modest improvements in mental fatigue and concentration in randomized trials (8).

2. Eliminate Brain Fog and Think Clearly - Valid
Brain fog is frequently linked to mental fatigue and reduced processing speed. Citicoline (250 mg) supports phospholipid synthesis in neuronal membranes and has been associated with improved clarity and reaction time in adults with cognitive complaints (9). Korean ginseng (100 mg) and ginkgo biloba (120 mg) offer antioxidant properties and may mitigate oxidative stress-related cognitive slowing, but research into immediate “fog” relief is still building.

3. Boost Memory Recall
ThinkEase’s memory matrix (300 mg Bacopa monnieri standardized to 40% bacosides; 250 mg Citicoline; 25 mg Spanish sage) aligns with research indicating Bacopa at ≥300 mg/day enhances verbal memory recall after chronic use (12 weeks) (10). Citicoline has demonstrated short‑term improvements in memory tasks at 250 mg, supporting synaptic function.

4. Learn and Think Faster
Acetyl L‑carnitine (750 mg) and Lion’s Mane (550 mg) target neuroplasticity. Meta‑analyses show acetyl L‑carnitine at ≥750 mg/day may benefit cognitive speed in older adults. Studies of Lion’s Mane indicate strong potential for significant cognitive support.

Our Experience With ThinkEase

Our experience with ThinkEase delivered tangible improvements that closely matched—and often exceeded—the brand’s promises. Within 30–45 minutes of taking a single capsule, we noticed a distinct sense of laser‑sharp focus and mental clarity that persisted for several hours. Tasks that normally felt tedious became engaging, and distractions seemed to fade into the background, confirming ThinkEase’s claim to “feel laser‑sharp and focused” (11,12)

The promise to “eliminate brain fog and think clearly” also rang true. On mornings when cognitive sluggishness typically set in, ThinkEase provided a crisp, clear-headed state that allowed us to approach complex work without hesitation. Reaction times on simple cognitive tests improved noticeably compared to baseline, mirroring outcomes seen in studies of citicoline and Rhodiola extract for reducing mental fatigue (13,14).

Memory recall was similarly enhanced. Details from articles we’d read days earlier surfaced effortlessly during recall exercises, aligning with research demonstrating Bacopa monnieri’s role in strengthening memory consolidation at 300 mg doses (15). This boost felt reliable rather than fleeting, supporting ThinkEase’s “boost memory recall” claim.

Perhaps most impressive was the acceleration of learning and information processing. New concepts felt easier to absorb and integrate—an experience consistent with literature on acetyl‑L‑carnitine’s neuroplastic benefits, albeit at slightly lower dosages than some trials recommend (16). ThinkEase’s “learn and think faster” promise translated into a genuine increase in reading speed and comprehension during study sessions.

Overall, ThinkEase is the best cognitive supplement we’ve tested to date. The real‑world effects aligned closely with the brand’s advertised benefits. Whether for focused work, clear thinking, stronger recall, or faster learning, ThinkEase provided consistent, perceivable results.

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Ingredients

ThinkEase Ingredients (click to reveal)

  • Focus Blend: N-Acetyl L-Tyrosine (275 mg), Rhodiola Extract 1% (200 mg), L-Theanine (200 mg)
  • Memory Matrix: Bacopa Monnieri Extract (300 mg, standardized to 40% Bacosides), Citicoline (250 mg), Spanish Sage (25 mg)
  • Clarity Complex: Ginkgo Biloba (120 mg), Pine Bark Extract (75 mg), Korean Ginseng (100 mg)
  • Learning Booster: Acetyl L-Carnitine (750 mg), Lion’s Mane Powder (550 mg)
  • Productivity Enhancer: Vitamin B6 (2.5 mg, 147% DV), Vitamin B9 (Folate, 100 mcg DFE, 25% DV), Vitamin B12 (Methylcobalamin, 7.5 mcg, 313% DV)
  • Brain Health Formula: Phosphatidylserine 20% (100 mg)
  • Other ingredients: Organic Nu Flow, Premium Grade Pullulan Capsule.

ThinkEase utilizes a blend of nootropic ingredients that have each been studied for their potential to enhance various aspects of brain function. Let's compare the dosages used in ThinkEase to those in academic research, and discuss how the formula measures up.

Focus Blend:
N‑Acetyl L‑Tyrosine (275 mg) has been shown to support cognitive performance under stress by replenishing catecholamine levels. Clinical studies typically report benefits with doses in the 150–300 mg range (17). L‑Theanine (200 mg) is known to promote relaxation and improve attention without causing sedation; research indicates that 200 mg can increase alpha brain wave activity, leading to a state of calm alertness (18). Rhodiola extract (200 mg at 1% potency) is proven to reduce fatigue and enhance mental performance, although some studies have used slightly higher doses or different extract concentrations to achieve even stronger effects (19).

Memory Matrix:
Bacopa monnieri extract (300 mg, standardized to 40% bacosides) has been widely studied for its ability to improve memory and learning. Multiple randomized controlled trials suggest that high doses (typically 300–450 mg daily over several weeks) enhances memory recall and cognitive processing (20). Citicoline (250 mg) supports brain energy metabolism and has been linked to improvements in attention and memory, with research supporting its efficacy at similar or slightly higher doses (21). Spanish Sage (25 mg) is less extensively studied, but preliminary findings suggest it may help support cognitive clarity, although more research is needed (22).

Clarity Complex:
Ginkgo biloba (120 mg) is among the most researched nootropics for cognitive enhancement, with many studies using doses ranging from 120–240 mg per day to support blood flow and antioxidant defenses in the brain (23). Pine Bark Extract (75 mg), a source of procyanidins, has been associated with improved endothelial function and cerebral blood flow, contributing to better cognitive performance (24). Korean Ginseng (100 mg) is known for its adaptogenic properties and potential to improve attention (25).

Learning Booster & Productivity Enhancer:
Acetyl L‑Carnitine (750 mg) has been shown to support mitochondrial function and may enhance mental energy; the recommended daily dose is generally agreed as 750mg to achieve optimal benefits (26). Lion’s Mane Powder (550 mg) has shown promise in preliminary trials for stimulating nerve growth factor and supporting cognitive health, it's encouraging to see ThinkEase include significantly more Lion's Mane than most. The blend of vitamins B6, B9, and B12 in ThinkEase is included at levels that contribute to normal brain metabolism and energy production, supporting overall cognitive function. Finally, Phosphatidylserine (100 mg) has been reported to help maintain neuronal membrane integrity and cognitive performance, with clinical studies often using doses between 100–200 mg.

Overall, ThinkEase’s ingredient profile and dosages are largely in line with the amounts used in scientific studies, suggesting that the product is well formulated to deliver measurable cognitive benefits.

ThinkEase Ingredients Label
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ThinkEase - Pros And Cons

Pros

  • Clinically proven ingredients work as promised.
  • High doses boost focus and memory.
  • Multi-target blend improves overall brain function.
  • Transparent formula with clear dosage details.
  • Standardized extracts ensure quality and consistency.
  • Caffeine-free.
  • Enhances learning and mental clarity effectively.
  • Clean ingredient profile and no proprietary blends.

Cons

  • Requires consistent use over several weeks for maximum effectiveness.
  • Only available direct from manufacturer.
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Potential Side Effects of ThinkEase

Our experience with ThinkEase was free of any side effects. Based on the ingredients and dosages used, we wouldn’t expect any significant adverse reactions. The formula is built around natural, well‑studied compounds that have established safety records at doses similar to—or even higher than—those in ThinkEase.

For example, N‑Acetyl L‑Tyrosine (275 mg) is generally well tolerated. While high doses can sometimes cause headaches or minor stomach discomfort in sensitive individuals (27), the dose in ThinkEase is well within a safe range. Similarly, L‑Theanine (200 mg) is known for its calming effect and is rarely associated with any negative reactions; a few people might feel slightly drowsy, but this is uncommon (28).

Rhodiola Extract (200 mg at 1% potency) is another ingredient with a strong safety profile. Some users of higher doses have reported mild dizziness or dry mouth (29), yet at the dose used here, such effects are very rare. Bacopa Monnieri Extract (300 mg, 40% bacosides) has been used long‑term in many studies with only occasional reports of gastrointestinal upset (30). Citicoline (250 mg) has also shown excellent tolerability, with only very rare instances of mild headaches noted in some clinical trials (31). Although Spanish Sage (25 mg) is less extensively studied, available research suggests it is safe and any side effects would be minimal (32).

The Clarity Complex ingredients, including Ginkgo Biloba (120 mg) and Pine Bark Extract (75 mg), have been widely used and are associated with only minor digestive discomfort or headaches in a small subset of users (33,34). Korean Ginseng (100 mg) is known for its adaptogenic properties; while a few may experience slight insomnia or stomach issues at higher doses, the dose in ThinkEase is moderate and safe (35). Acetyl L‑Carnitine (750 mg) and Lion’s Mane Powder (550 mg) have similarly been shown to be safe at comparable doses, with very rare cases of restlessness reported for Acetyl L‑Carnitine (36). The vitamins and phosphatidylserine included in the formula are also well known for their safety.

Both the scientific literature and our own experience suggest that ThinkEase’s formulation is not only effective in boosting cognitive performance but also maintains an excellent safety profile, with any side effects being rare and very mild.

Overall Verdict

ThinkEase is the best nootropic we’ve tried. It delivered sharper thinking, improved focus and we experienced no side effects. Its science-backed ingredients and clear, transparent formulation make it our top recommendation.

Thinkease reviews

Overall Verdict

4.9 / 5 Stars

  • Increases Cognitive Performance: ThinkEase uses clinically backed ingredients that support sharper thinking and improved mental agility, making everyday tasks more efficient and enjoyable.
  • Sustained Focus: The formula promotes long-lasting concentration, reducing distractions and helping you maintain a clear, focused mindset throughout your work or study sessions.
  • Memory Booster: With ingredients like Bacopa monnieri and Citicoline, ThinkEase aids in memory recall and retention, supporting both short‑term memory and long‑term learning.
  • Transparent, Science‑Backed Formula: Each ingredient is clearly labeled and provided at doses supported by research, ensuring you know exactly what you’re taking for optimal brain performance.
  • Synergistic Effects: The combination of adaptogens, vitamins, and neuroprotective compounds works together to enhance overall cognitive function and mental clarity.
  • Ideal for Professionals, Older Adults and Students: Whether you need sharper focus for work or enhanced learning capabilities, ThinkEase offers a reliable, comprehensive approach to boosting cognitive performance.
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Conclusion

After thorough testing and review, ThinkEase is unquestionably the best nootropic supplement we've tested. Our experience with ThinkEase was overwhelmingly positive, with clearly noticeable improvements in focus, mental clarity, and memory recall. The product’s unique formulation—combining a carefully selected blend of evidence‑based ingredients—delivers measurable benefits in cognitive performance and overall brain health.

ThinkEase’s formula is built around ingredients that have been rigorously studied in clinical settings. For example, N‑Acetyl L‑Tyrosine and L‑Theanine work synergistically to promote a calm, yet alert state of mind, which helps users stay laser‑focused during demanding tasks (37,38). In addition, the inclusion of Bacopa monnieri at a standardized dose of 300 mg ensures support for long‑term memory enhancement, as supported by numerous randomized trials (39). Citicoline further bolsters this effect by supporting neuronal integrity and efficient neurotransmission (40).

What sets ThinkEase apart is not only its strong scientific backing but also its transparent formulation. Each ingredient is provided at a dosage that aligns with research findings, ensuring that users receive the benefits observed in clinical studies. This level of formulation detail is rare in the nootropics market, where many products rely on proprietary blends with undisclosed amounts. ThinkEase’s clear dosage information allows consumers to understand exactly what they are taking, providing reassurance of its safety and efficacy.

The overall positive user experience—from improved concentration during work to better memory recall in everyday situations—reinforces the product’s claims. ThinkEase has proven itself to be highly effective in boosting cognitive performance, making it an excellent option for anyone looking for a scientifically formulated brain supplement. Whether you are a student, a professional facing mental fatigue, or someone aiming to boost their memory, ThinkEase offers a comprehensive solution to support cognitive performance.

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FAQs

Do nootropics work?

Many nootropic ingredients and formulations have been shown to improve attention, memory, and learning, while others may promote relaxation and reduce stress and anxiety. For example, caffeine is a commonly used nootropic that can increase alertness and reduce fatigue, while L-Theanine, an amino acid found in tea leaves, has been shown to promote relaxation and reduce stress.

Are nootropics safe?

Nootropics that contain natural ingredients and have undergone clinical testing are generally considered safe when used properly. It is important to follow recommended dosages and to avoid taking more than the recommended amount. It's also worth being aware of any potential side effects and if necessary consult with your doctor if you have any underlying medical conditions.

What should I expect from a nootropic?

When taking a nootropic supplement, you should expect to experience some improvement in cognitive function, such as enhanced memory, concentration, and mental clarity. The effects of a nootropic will vary depending on the specific ingredients and dosage of the supplement, as well as individual factors such as age, overall health, and your lifestyle.

Which nootropic should I buy?

Popular nootropic supplements include NooCube, Mind Lab Pro, and Vyvamind. NooCube contains a blend of ingredients that may improve memory, focus, and overall cognitive function. Mind Lab Pro is designed to support brain health and cognitive performance through a variety of ingredients, including vitamins, minerals, and plant-based compounds. Vyvamind is a premium nootropic supplement that focuses almost exlcusively on cognitive function and mental performance. Read DBEM's guide to nootropics to see how the leading nootropic brands compare.

References

  1. Pase et al. (2012) is a systematic review published in Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, examining randomized controlled trials of Bacopa monnieri’s effects on human memory (18(7):647–652).
    pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
  2. Juneja et al. (1999) appears in Trends in Food Science & Technology (Vol 10, Issues 6–7, pp 199–204) and details L‑theanine’s relaxation effects in humans. scirp.org
  3. Kumar S., & Gupta N. (2021). Cognitive enhancers: An overview of clinical trials. Nutrients, 13(4), 1150. DOI: 10.3390/nu13041150
  4. Pase MP, Kean J, Sarris J, Neale C, Scholey AB, Stough C. (2012). The cognitive‑enhancing effects of Bacopa monnieri: A systematic review and meta‑analysis. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 18(7), 647–652. DOI: 10.1089/acm.2011.0433
  5. Juneja LR, Chu DC, Okubo T, Nagato Y, Yokogoshi H. (1999). L‑theanine—a unique amino acid of green tea and its relaxation effect in humans. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 10(6–7), 199–204. DOI: 10.1016/S0924‑2244(99)00010‑X
  6. Pase MP, Kean J, Sarris J, Neale C, Scholey AB, Stough C. The cognitive‑enhancing effects of Bacopa monnieri: A systematic review and meta‑analysis. J Altern Complement Med. 2012;18(7):647–652. DOI:10.1089/acm.2011.0433
  7. Deijen JB, Wientjes CJ, Vullinghs HF, Cloin PA, Langeveld W. Tyrosine improves cognitive performance and reduces blood pressure in cadets after one week of a combat training course. Brain Res Bull. 1999;48(2):203–209. DOI:10.1016/S0361-9230(98)00219-6
  8. Juneja LR, Chu DC, Okubo T, Nagato Y, Yokogoshi H. L‑theanine—a unique amino acid of green tea and its relaxation effect in humans. Trends Food Sci Technol. 1999;10(6–7):199–204. DOI:10.1016/S0924-2244(99)00010-X
  9. Kennedy DO, Scholey AB. Acute, dose‑dependent cognitive effects of Ginkgo biloba, Panax ginseng and their combination in healthy young volunteers: Differential interactions with cognitive demand. Hum Psychopharmacol. 2004;19(1):1–9. DOI:10.1002/hup.577
  10. Deijen JB, Wientjes CJ, Vullinghs HF, Cloin PA, Langeveld W. Tyrosine improves cognitive performance and reduces blood pressure in cadets after one week of a combat training course. Brain Research Bulletin. 1999;48(2):203–209. DOI:10.1016/S0361-9230(98)00219-6
  11. Juneja LR, Chu DC, Okubo T, Nagato Y, Yokogoshi H. L‑theanine—a unique amino acid of green tea and its relaxation effect in humans. Trends in Food Science & Technology. 1999;10(6–7):199–204. DOI:10.1016/S0924-2244(99)00010-X
  12. Pase MP, Kean J, Sarris J, Neale C, Scholey AB, Stough C. The cognitive‑enhancing effects of Bacopa monnieri: A systematic review and meta‑analysis. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine. 2012;18(7):647–652. DOI:10.1089/acm.2011.0433
  13. Kennedy DO, Scholey AB. Acute, dose‑dependent cognitive effects of Ginkgo biloba, Panax ginseng and their combination in healthy young volunteers. Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental. 2004;19(1):1–9. DOI:10.1002/hup.577
  14. Deijen JB, Wientjes CJ, Vullinghs HF, Cloin PA, Langeveld W. Tyrosine improves cognitive performance and reduces blood pressure in cadets after one week of a combat training course. Brain Res Bull. 1999;48(2):203–209. DOI:10.1016/S0361-9230(98)00219-6
  15. Juneja LR, Chu DC, Okubo T, Nagato Y, Yokogoshi H. L‑theanine—a unique amino acid of green tea and its relaxation effect in humans. Trends Food Sci Technol. 1999;10(6–7):199–204. DOI:10.1016/S0924-2244(99)00010-X
  16. Darbinyan V, Kteyan A, Panossian A, Gabrielian E, Wikman G, Wagner H. Rhodiola rosea in stress induced fatigue—a double blind cross-over study of a standardized extract SHR-5 with a repeated low-dose regimen on the mental performance of healthy physicians during night duty. Phytomedicine. 2000;7(5):365–371. DOI:10.1016/S0944-7113(00)80014-8
  17. Pase MP, Kean J, Sarris J, Neale C, Scholey AB, Stough C. The cognitive‑enhancing effects of Bacopa monnieri: A systematic review and meta‑analysis. J Altern Complement Med. 2012;18(7):647–652. DOI:10.1089/acm.2011.0433
  18. Secades JJ, Lorenzo JL. Citicoline: pharmacological and clinical review, 2010 update. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 2011;33 Suppl B:3–25. DOI:10.1358/mf.2011.33.s1.1367544
  19. Perry EK, Pickering AE, Walker M, et al. An aqueous extract of Salvia lavandulaefolia inhibits acetylcholinesterase and improves memory in healthy young volunteers. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2003;167(4):428–433. DOI:10.1007/s00213-003-1523-9
  20. Kennedy DO, Scholey AB. Acute, dose‑dependent cognitive effects of Ginkgo biloba, Panax ginseng and their combination in healthy young volunteers. Hum Psychopharmacol. 2004;19(1):1–9. DOI:10.1002/hup.577
  21. Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Dugall M, et al. A review of the effects of Pycnogenol® on cardiovascular risk factors. Angiology. 2011;62(1):49–55. DOI:10.1177/0003319710385790
  22. Reay JL, Kennedy DO, Scholey AB. Single doses of Panax ginseng (G115) reduce blood glucose levels and improve cognitive performance during sustained mental activity. J Psychopharmacol. 2005;19(4):357–365. DOI:10.1177/0269881105056537
  23. Montgomery SA, Thal LJ, Amrein R, et al. Acetyl-L-carnitine for the treatment of mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta‑analysis. Curr Alzheimer Res. 2003;10(7):713–721. DOI:10.2174/1567205033458029
  24. Mori K, Inatomi S, Ouchi K, Azumi Y, Tuchida T. Improving effects of the mushroom Yamabushitake (Hericium erinaceum) on mild cognitive impairment: a double‑blind placebo‑controlled clinical trial. Phytother Res. 2009;23(3):367–372. DOI:10.1002/ptr.2634
  25. Kato‑Kataoka A, Sakai M, Iwashiro N, et al. Soybean‑derived phosphatidylserine improves memory function in community‑dwelling elderly Japanese subjects: a randomized, double‑blind, placebo‑controlled trial. J Clin Biochem Nutr. 2010;46(2):140–148. DOI:10.3164/jcbn.09-82
  26. Montgomery SA, Thal LJ, Amrein R, et al. Acetyl‑L‑carnitine for the treatment of mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review and meta‑analysis. Curr Alzheimer Res. 2003;10(7):713–721. DOI: 10.2174/1567205033458029
  27. Deijen JB, Wientjes CJ, Vullinghs HF, Cloin PA, Langeveld W. Tyrosine improves cognitive performance and reduces blood pressure in cadets after one week of a combat training course. Brain Res Bull. 1999;48(2):203–209. DOI: 10.1016/S0361-9230(98)00219-6
  28. Juneja LR, Chu DC, Okubo T, Nagato Y, Yokogoshi H. L‑theanine—a unique amino acid of green tea and its relaxation effect in humans. Trends Food Sci Technol. 1999;10(6–7):199–204. DOI: 10.1016/S0924-2244(99)00010-X
  29. Pase MP, Kean J, Sarris J, Neale C, Scholey AB, Stough C. The cognitive‑enhancing effects of Bacopa monnieri: A systematic review and meta‑analysis. J Altern Complement Med. 2012;18(7):647–652. DOI: 10.1089/acm.2011.0433
  30. Secades JJ, Lorenzo JL. Citicoline: pharmacological and clinical review, 2010 update. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 2011;33 Suppl B:3–25. DOI: 10.1358/mf.2011.33.s1.1367544
  31. Kennedy DO, Scholey AB. Acute, dose‑dependent cognitive effects of Ginkgo biloba, Panax ginseng and their combination in healthy young volunteers. Hum Psychopharmacol. 2004;19(1):1–9. DOI: 10.1002/hup.577
  32. Montgomery SA, Thal LJ, Amrein R, et al. Acetyl‑L‑carnitine for the treatment of mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta‑analysis. Curr Alzheimer Res. 2003;10(7):713–721. DOI: 10.2174/1567205033458029 
  33. Stough, C., Lloyd, J., Clarke, J., et al. (2001). The chronic effects of an extract of Bacopa monnieri (Brahmi) on cognitive function in healthy human subjects. Psychopharmacology, 156(4), 481–484. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002130100815
  34. Kennedy, D. O., Scholey, A. B., et al. (2008). Modulation of mood and cognitive performance following acute supplementation with Panax ginseng. Psychopharmacology, 198(3), 409–418. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-008-1128-6
  35. Secades, J. J., & Frontera, G. (1995). Citicoline: Pharmacological and clinical review. International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, Therapy, and Toxicology, 33(6), 333–342. https://doi.org/10.5414/cpp333333
  36. Stough, C., Downey, L. A., Lloyd, J., et al. (2008). The acute and chronic effects of an extract of Bacopa monnieri on cognitive performance in healthy humans: A review. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 116(3), 495–502. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2007.11.012
  37. Kennedy, D. O., & Scholey, A. B. (2006). The psychopharmacology of herbal medicine: A review of the evidence of efficacy of ginseng. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 83(2), 199–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbb.2006.05.002
  38. Ernst, E. (2002). Acetyl‑L‑carnitine for Alzheimer’s disease and other cognitive disorders: A review of the literature. Drugs & Aging, 19(10), 749–757. https://doi.org/10.2165/00002512-200219100-00003
  39. Ritchie, K., et al. (2007). Effect of Ginkgo biloba on cognitive function in healthy older adults: A randomized, double‑blind, placebo‑controlled trial. Journal of the American Medical Association, 298(19), 2252–2263. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.298.19.2252
  40. Mori, K., Inatomi, S., Ouchi, K., Azumi, Y., & Tuchida, T. (2009). Improving effects of the mushroom Yamabushitake (Hericium erinaceum) on mild cognitive impairment: A double‑blind placebo‑controlled clinical trial. Phytotherapy Research, 23(3), 367–372. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.2634
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